The arc between the pantograph and the catenary can keep the train running smoothly, but it will cause some losses in the pantograph and catenary. The problem of off-line arc generation between pantograph and catenary has become more common in recent years, and the resulting damage has become more catastrophic. To minimize this impact, it is critical to investigate the ablation process of the pantograph and catenary arc on the pantograph carbon slide material.A pantograph arc model was developed based on magnetohydrodynamics theory in order to improve the life of the pantograph sliding plate material and lessen the ablation damage caused by the pantograph's offline arc.Under various wind speeds, the temperature and current density parameters of the pantograph arc were compared, and the arc burning process and the surface temperature change of the carbon slide material were investigated.According to the simulation results, the higher the wind speed, the greater the arc's displacement on the carbon slide's surface, the lower the temperature in the pulling distance area, the smaller the current density in the arc column area, and the less the arc erodes the material.The findings provide in a better understanding of how the pantograph arc ablates the pantograph carbon slide.
 

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