There is a continued demand for brighter laboratory-based x-ray beams for a variety of industrial, medical, and scientific applications. Development of brighter (novel or conventional) sources and the optics to collect and deliver the beams would broaden the range of applications. Large-scale x-ray sources such as synchrotrons do provide extremely bright beams but the need for portability, access, cost, control, and system integration makes the laboratory-based sources indispensable for many applications. The focus of this conference is on the progress in both source and optics developments for laboratory-based x-ray systems and on the challenging applications that benefit from and derive these advancements.