The Symposium “Algebraic and Geometric Problems on Curves and Surfaces” will be held within iCOMET2017 that will take place at RMITU, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA. The symposium is directed to mathematicians and computer scientists who have a particular interest in the applications and algorithmic treatment of algebraic curves and surfaces (implicitly or parametrically defined). In particular, this special issue is intended to facilitate communication between researchers who are addressing fundamental algorithmic issues in the treatment of curves and surfaces (from the symbolic and also from the numeric point of view).