The ability to analyze large numbers of lipids from different categories (e.g., fatty acyls, glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols) has greatly advanced our understanding of their biochemical functions and roles in disease, but has also created challenges of scale. This Keystone Symposia meeting will cover areas of lipid research that have been particularly impacted by these technologies. It will specifically address the challenge of managing the large data sets generated by lipidomic technologies and conceptually studying them given how interconnected and cross-regulated lipid metabolic pathways are. Bringing together an outstanding group of scientists with expertise in the lipid categories as well as in lipidomic approaches, it will summarize recent findings for the major lipid categories from state-of-the-art technologies and lay the foundation for a broader understanding of new methods and the technical capabilities and limitations of these methods, as well as where better approaches are needed.