On behalf of the local organizing committee, we cordially invite you to attend Thermophiles 2009, which will be held in Beijing, China, 16-21 August, 2009. It is the 10th conference of this series. Thermophiles 2009 will include topics that cover various aspects of thermophiles and provide a platform for participants from around the world to share their latest results, exchange their views on future directions in this exciting field and explore possibilities for collaboration.