The prevention of onset and progression of diet-related acute and chronic diseases (e.g. diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and cancer) requires reliable and intuitive dietary management. The need for accurate, automatic, real-time and personalized dietary advice has been recently complemented by the advances in computer vision and smartphone technologies, permitting the development of the first mobile food multimedia content analysis applications. The proposed solutions rely on the analysis of multimedia content captured by wearable sensors, smartphone cameras, barcode scanners, RFID readers and IR sensors, along with already established nutritional databases and often require some user input. In the field of nutritional management, multimedia not only bridges diverse information and communication technologies, but also computer science with medicine, nutrition and dietetics. This confluence brings new challenges and opportunities on dietary management.