Specific application areas of mesoscopic/kinetic methods include, but are not limited to: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), including Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS), Large-Eddy Simulations (LES), and turbulence based on kinetic approach; Rheology for complex fluids, such as suspensions, multi-phase and multi-component fluids, non-Newtonian fluids, smart fluids such as electro-rheological (ER) and magneto-rheological (MR) fluids; Biologic-fluids, Lab on a Chip systems, and microfluidics; Micro/nano-scale phenomena involving non-continuum, surface-dominated, low-Reynolds-number, non-Newtonian, multi-scale and multi-physics effects; Thermal-chemically nonequilibrium flows with March-number and/or Knudsen-number effects, and reactive flows; Computational mechanics of solids and structures; Computational multi-physics dynamics, such as flow-structure interactions; Computational mathematics and algorithms for High Performance Computing (HPC) and tailored for challenging applications; Novel computational hardware for large-scale scientific computing including GP-GPUs, FPGAs, etc.