The 2014 Gordon Research Conference on Mitochondria & Chloroplasts will assemble an international group of scientists investigating fundamental properties of these essential organelles and their integration into physiological processes, as well as functional and structural connections to other subcellular components. While many conferences cover specific roles and features of either chloroplasts or mitochondria, this GRC will continue to bridge these research communities and uniquely bring together investigators working in animal, plant and fungal systems who specialize in cell biology, biochemistry, genetics, systems biology and organismal physiology. This GRC will provide an excellent platform to accelerate discovery of common and unique organellar properties and functions, and accelerate knowledge transfer between different research communities. Thus this meeting will continue strengthening the integration of animal and plant research on these essential organelles. The meeting will focus on basic molecular mechanisms in organelle biogenesis and remodeling, trafficking, their roles in stress responses and consequences of organelle dysfunction. The 2014 GRC will include sessions on: (i) Organelle biogenesis and protein sorting; (ii) Organellar genes: from maintenance to expression; (iii) Organelle channels and function; (iv) Organellar remodeling and replication; (v) Organelle trafficking; (vi) Organelle interactions & signaling; (vii) Organelle metabolism & cofactors; (viii) Organellar proteolysis &autophagy; (ix) Organelle dysfunction & stress. Speakers with international recognition in the field will go along with young investigators and scientists who have not previously attended this conference. Twenty short talks will be selected from abstracts to showcase emerging topics, especially from young independent as well as mentored investigators. Expert Discussion Leaders will introduce the topics, guide and animate the discussion. To maximize participation, we urge all participants to present their recent progress as a poster or as a talk.