This proposed workshop focuses on "recycling" and "recovery" of organic waste (biomass) which included agricultural waste (plant residues and animal manure), biosolid (sewage sludge), food waste, paper/yard/wood waste，municipal waste, waste cooking oil，etc.，through microbial degradation，to produce valuable products and energy sources. "Recycling" is the reprocessing of materials into new products, which will lessen the environmental impact and at the same time conserve a significant amount of energy and raw materials, whereas "recovery" refers to the recovery of embedded energy within waste materials through energy generation.A special session is devoted to "food waste", as it is a timely topic in densely populated urban centers such as Hong Kong.