Ophiolites are fragments of ancient ocean lithosphere emplaced on continental margins, in island arcs or in accretionary prisms, and have long been studied to better understand the evolution of ocean basins and collision of tectonic plates, the processes of mountain building and the occurrence of valuable ore bodies, such as podiform chromitites. The recent discovery of diamonds, highly reduced phases and crustal minerals in ophiolites and podiform chromitites of southern Tibet and northern Russia requires a complete re-evaluation of ophiolite formation and mantle processes. The ophiolitic diamonds represent an entirely new occurrence of these ultrahigh pressure (UHP) minerals, distinctly different from those in kimberlites and metamorphic belts. The initial investigations suggest that diamonds are widespread in oceanic lithosphere, perhaps even in in-situ oceanic mantle. This workshop will bring people together to review and evaluate new data on ophiolites of different age, geographic position and tectonic environment of formation and their related mineralization to better understand the processes by which they are formed and preserved. We will also examine many existing ideas on the structure and composition of ocean lithosphere and the upper mantle, the melt evolution beneath oceanic spreading centers and the role of subduction processes in the formation of ophiolitic magmas. The results will be published in highly ranked international journals.