The symposium was organized by Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences (CSES) together with Japan Society on Water Environment (JSWE). Since 1997, the two societies have discussed several themes including water environment security and ecological management, basin water environment pollution control, basin water environment management indicators and technologies. Cooperation between china and Japan in the environmental field have been established. Chinese government has paid great attention to urbanization. There is no precedent in human history for a developing country to achieve urbanization with a population of 1.3 billion. The central urbanization working conference held in December 2013 pointed out a new urbanization program. However, serious crisis of water resources and water pollution has become a bottleneck for the development of urbanization. It is urgent to conduct a multi-level communication about management experience and research results in water environment. The theme of this symposium is to protect water environment and efficient use of water resource in the process of urbanization.