Astroinformatics is a recent interdisciplinary field of science that applies modern computational tools to the solution of astronomical problems. The field was born in response to the rapid growth of data volumes corresponding to a variety of sky surveys. Data repositories have gone from gigabytes into terabytes, and we expect those repositories to reach the terabytes in the coming years. An important area in astroinformatics is the application of data mining tools for analysis of large astronomical repositories and surveys. Key issues involve not only an efficient management of data resources, but also the design of new conceptual tools that efficiently address the nature of astronomical data. Astroinformatics intersects with a variety of research areas such as data organization, data description, astronomical classification taxonomies, data mining, machine learning, visualization, and astrostatistics.