In the near future, vehicles, travellers, and the infrastructure will collectively have billions of sensors that can communicate with each other. Transportation systems, due to their distributed/mobile nature, can become the ultimate test-bed for a ubiquitous (i.e., embedded, highly-distributed, and sensor-laden) computing environment of unprecedented scale. This environment will enable numerous novel applications and order of magnitude improvement of the performance of existing applications. Information technology is the foundation for implementing new strategies, particularly if they are to be made available in real-time to wireless devices in vehicles or in the hands of people. Contributing are increasingly more sophisticated geospatial and spatio-temporal information management capabilities. Human factors, technology adoption and use, user feedback and incentives for collaborative behaviour are areas of technology policy central to the success of this ubiquitous computing environment. The emerging discipline of Computational Transportation Science (the science behind Intelligent Transportation Systems) combines computer science and engineering with the modelling, planning, and economic aspects of transportation planning and engineering to leverage developments in the above domains. By taking advantage of ubiquitous computing, Computational Transportation Science applications can help create more efficient, equitable, liveable and sustainable transportation systems and communities.