Nowadays, China has 160000 kilometers of huge pipelines. How to get more pipeline information in pipeline integrity management is of great significance. According to the defect characteristics of the current pipeline, this paper designs a magnetoelectric composite sensor which is suitable for the non-destructive detection of buried pipeline. This paper introduces the working principle, structure and characteristics of the composite sensor. Combined with the advantages of the magnetic sensor which is sensitive to the volume defects of the tube wall and the high frequency eddy current sensor which is sensitive to the near surface defects of the tube wall on the principle of magnetic flux leakage, it realizes the identification and evaluation of the inner and outer wall defects of the tube wall. In this paper, the metal plate with damage is used as the experimental object of the sensor. The results show that the composite sensor can not only detect the defects but also distinguish the inner and outer wall defects in the process of pipeline defect detection, especially for the near surface crack defects.