In order to study the effect of ultrafine calcium carbonate with different particle size on the mechanical properties of red clay, triaxial test was carried out on the remolded samples with calcium carbonate incorporated into it. The cohesion and internal friction angle and its shear strength changes. The results show that the shear strength, cohesion and internal friction angle of red clay after calcium carbonate doping are obviously decreased. The larger the particle size of calcium carbonate, the more obvious the effect on the mechanical properties of red clay. The addition of ultrafine calcium carbonate changed the pH value of red clay, and the alkaline environment destroyed the cement of free ferric oxide in red clay, resulting in the decrease of shear strength of red clay.