Aiming at the attitude adaptive control of spacecraft after docking, an adaptive attitude control method is proposed. Firstly, the dynamic modeling and spatial disturbance torque modeling of the combined spacecraft are carried out using the modified Rodriguez parameters to describe the attitude of the combined spacecraft. Secondly, according to the equation of attitude motion, the characteristic equation of closed-loop control system is deduced, and an adaptive attitude controller is designed. Finally, Matlab/Simulink simulation tool simulates the analysis. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed controller for attitude control of the combined spacecraft.