Abstract:Nano-/microcrystalline 316L austenitic stainless steel with bimodal structure was prepared by “aluminothermic reaction casting”. Uniaxial tensile tests were carried out at the RT, and the results showed that the comprehensive properties were the best when rough rolling of nano-/microcrystalline 316L SS was done at 800℃ with a rolling deformation of 40%, and then reducing the temperature to 600℃ with a rolling deformation of 70%. Samples of these materials provided dynamic recording of the entire process from initial loading to damage by SEM combined with in situ tension station equipment. The results of in-situ tensile test were in reasonable agreement with uniaxial tensile test. In-situ observation, the mechanical properties and mechanical behavior of nano-/microcrystalline stainless steel were analyzed, and the inherent mechanical laws of stainless steel were summarized.