Droplet entrainment in water distillation systems is a key phenomenon affecting separation efficiency, where the precise measurement of droplet size distribution and volume concentration is crucial for process optimization. Currently, research on specialized droplet measurement techniques suitable for the specific complex process conditions within water distillation systems is still insufficient. This study systematically reviews the principles, advantages, and limitations of existing droplet measurement techniques. Building on an analysis of the operational characteristics of water distillation systems and the physical mechanisms of ultrasonic methods, it demonstrates the suitability of the ultrasonic attenuation method for this scenario. To overcome the limitations of traditional long-wave theory in measuring larger droplets, a ​​MCBL (Modified Coupled Bulk Longitudinal wave) theoretical model​​ suitable for large droplets in the multiple scattering regime was developed. The calculated ultrasonic propagation characteristics based on this model were benchmarked against experimental results, confirming the model's accuracy. Finally, this study validates an ultrasonic attenuation measurement approach based on the MCBL model​​, proving its feasibility as a technical approach for the quantitative characterization of droplet size distribution and volume concentration in water distillation systems.

droplet；,water rectification,measurement