VO₂ smart windows can reduce energy use in buildings and electric vehicles while preserving daylighting, but practical deployment remains limited by the trade-off between infrared regulation and visible transparency, insufficient energy modulation, and poor durability. Here, we introduce a full-spectrum strategy that suppresses visible interfacial reflection, red-shifts the near-infrared transmittance peak, and enhances infrared contrast to overcome the optical trade-off.

full -spectrum,二氧化钒(VO2),Smart window,emissivity,thermodynamics,Transparent