With the rapid development of the Internet of Things and modern communication technologies, intelligent control of electromagnetic waves such as visible light, microwaves, and terahertz waves has become extremely important. Firstly, in nature, organisms like chameleons and rain frogs have the ability to imitate environmental colors, which provides significant inspiration for human military stealth, camouflage, information transmission, and the diversity of clothing. Electrochromic materials can achieve reversible color changes under a small voltage drive. Moreover, compared to thermal, light, and solvent stimuli, color change under electrical signal stimulation is the most sensitive and controllable method. Additionally, electromagnetic waves at microwave and terahertz frequencies hold a very important position in the 6G communication field and have significant applications in communication and detection. Their efficient absorption and intelligent control technologies have also become a challenge for both the academic community and the industry. Therefore, achieving intelligent modulation of different wavelength electromagnetic waves and exploring their underlying mechanisms is extremely crucial. Especially for the development of the future flexible electronics field, it is even more essential. Through the development of flexible materials, the design and assembly of device structures, we have achieved intelligent control of visible light, infrared light, microwaves, and terahertz waves, and have explored their mechanisms through in-situ testing. The research results have important reference value for the application of new materials in the field of flexible electronics.

Electrochromism,Visible light,Microwave