Stator interturn short-circuit (SISC) faults pose a significant threat to the safe and reliable operation of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs). To address this issue, this paper proposes a sensorless diagnostic method for distinguishing dynamic interturn short-circuit (DSISC) and static interturn short-circuit (SSISC) faults in PMSGs using stator current signals. First, the fault mechanisms of DSISC and SSISC are analyzed, and their effects on the stator current characteristics are investigated. Then, the differences in harmonic components, current imbalance, and time-varying characteristics under the two fault conditions are examined. On this basis, a current-based diagnostic method combining a harmonic energy indicator and a transient disturbance indicator is developed to distinguish SSISC and DSISC faults and characterize their relative severities. The proposed method relies solely on existing stator current measurements without requiring additional vibration or magnetic flux sensors, providing a practical approach for condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of PMSGs.

permanent magnet synchronous generator,dynamic interturn short circuit,static interturn short circuit,sensorless fault diagnosis,stator current analysis