The tree height–diameter at breast height (H–DBH) and crown radius–DBH (CR–DBH) relationships, along with wood density (WD) are crucial determinants of the growth and size of individual trees, and are closely related to biophysical and biochemical processes. However, in current Earth system models or dynamic global vegetation models (ESMs/DGVMs), the relationships H–DBH and CR–DBH, as well as WD are often oversimplified. Specifically, H–DBH and CR–DBH are typically defined as globally uniform functions, and WD is assumed to be constant either across all PFTs or for each individual PFT. In response to these limitations, our study has developed new parameterizations for tree individual morphology and stem wood density. These new schemes propose distinct H–DBH and CR–DBH relationships that are tailored to unique growth characteristics for different PFTs. Moreover, the heterogeneity of growth process of individual trees is taken into account by considering the effects of climate/soil factors on H–DBH, CR–DBH, wood density. Finaly, the global vegetation distribution and structure under climate change are comprehensively evaluated.
 

Tree Individual Morphology,,Dynamic Global Vegetation Model,,Woody Density