The study of equations of state, physical properties, and phase transitions of materials under extreme high-pressure conditions is a core scientific issue in condensed matter physics and planetary science. Laser-driven loading techniques enable the laboratory creation of extreme states with pressures up to the TPa range, temperatures up to tens of thousands of Kelvins, and timescales ranging from femtoseconds to microseconds, providing a unique platform for investigating material properties under high pressure and high strain rate. With the rapid advancement of next-generation large-scale laser facilities and laser-driven platforms based on advanced X-ray sources, along with innovations in complementary diagnostic techniques, related research has not only deepened our understanding of warm dense matter but also demonstrated significant application value in fields such as astrophysics, inertial confinement fusion, national defense, and materials science. The development of multi-scale (macro-, meso-, and micro-scale) in-situ diagnostic techniques and the integration of combined multi-probe measurements are essential for constructing a complete physical picture of matter under extreme conditions. This report highlights two major advances in multi-scale diagnostic techniques and their applications on laser-driven platforms: The first involves studies of high-pressure phase diagrams under different loading paths. By combining multiple loading methods, we systematically investigate phase transition behaviors of materials under extreme conditions. In static-dynamic combined loading, we have achieved dynamic loading experiments with a static pre-compression of up to 6 GPa, with successful applications in materials such as hydrogen and deuterium, effectively expanding the accessible parameter space for high-pressure phase diagram studies. In quasi-isentropic loading, we have developed an efficient direct-drive loading technique that enables rapid validation of theoretical models and precise measurements of physical properties. The second focuses on dynamic in-situ X-ray diagnostics under high pressure. To address the need for real-time characterization of microstructural evolution under dynamic high-pressure conditions, we have developed dynamic in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, enabling real-time probing of lattice structural evolution during shock compression with successful applications in metals and low-Z carbon-hydrogen materials. Concurrently, we have innovatively developed dynamic in-situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques, providing a new diagnostic tool for investigating the evolution of nanoscale structures under extreme conditions. The combined application of these two X-ray diagnostic techniques constitutes a significant microstructural characterization capability in the field of dynamic high-pressure research. Collectively, this work demonstrates the feasibility of developing multi-scale, multi-method combined diagnostic approaches on large-scale laser facilities. This integrated strategy offers a new research paradigm for comprehensively understanding the physical processes of materials under dynamic loading and provides important guidance for integrated research in materials physics under extreme conditions.
 

laser driven,dynamic in situ diagnostics,static-dynamic combined loading