To meet the demand for precise diagnostics of X-ray radiation sources in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments, research on the application of pinhole imaging systems in coded imaging was conducted. The objective of this study is to establish a physical model consistent with actual experimental geometric conditions, and to analyze the effects of extended sources and pinhole apertures on the point spread function (PSF) and imaging resolution. This provides a theoretical basis for subsequent coded aperture design and inversion algorithm optimization. In this study, a numerical simulation model based on geometrical ray-tracing was constructed to simulate the propagation process from the source through the pinhole to the detector plane. By statistically analyzing the spatial distribution of a massive number of rays, the system's PSF was obtained, which was then convolved with the target source to yield the actual intensity distribution on the detector plane. Simultaneously, an inversion analysis of the imaging results was performed to evaluate the spatial response characteristics of the imaging system. The main results indicate that, under the current scale conditions, the system's PSF is primarily dominated by the source size and geometric magnification. The pinhole aperture modulates the energy flux and edge morphology, but has a limited effect on the central structure. The inversion results verify the physical validity of the model, providing reliable theoretical support for parameter optimization and image reconstruction in ICF coded imaging systems.

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