With the acceleration of globalization, energy supply chain management, as a key field to maintain the core driving force of social and economic development, has attracted much attention for its high efficiency and sustainability. This paper aims to review the application status of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in energy supply chain management and explore its future impact. From an interdisciplinary perspective, we conducted econometric analysis on 4582 articles, and on this basis, we conducted econometric analysis and content analysis on 189 articles related to management science from the perspective of management discipline, deeply discussed the role of artificial intelligence in optimizing production, storage, distribution and consumption, and proposed the application framework of artificial intelligence in energy supply chain management research. It also discusses the challenges and opportunities to achieve the goals of efficiency, low cost and sustainability. Ultimately, we expect this review to provide valuable insights and guidance for policy makers, business decision makers and researchers to jointly promote a more sustainable and intelligent energy industry.