Based on the vibration measurement of the 1580 hot rolling four high mill, an unknown frequency of 20Hz was obtained. The sudden change characteristics of the frictional force direction between the rolled strip and the roll surface were investigated under a high reduction rate of 54%. A periodic motion mechanics model of the front slider mass module in the deformation zone of the 1580 four high rolling mill was established, and the frequency of 20Hz and vibration characteristics were obtained through second-order differential equation analysis. This reveals that the rolling mill causes self-excited vibration in rolling situations with high reduction rates, and focuses on controlling the sudden change in the direction of frictional force between the rolling roller and the rolled strip. It was found that controlling the reduction of the friction coefficient of the roller surface and the length of the front sliding zone is always less than the friction ring quantity multiplied by the length of the rear sliding zone and the friction force, strictly preventing the sudden change of negative resistance and reverse friction force, and controlling the occurrence of rolling self-excited vibration. Revealing the mechanism of rolling self-excited vibration and providing important theoretical and engineering significance for preventing rolling mill chatter.