摘要详情
146 / 2024-03-02 19:52:45
采煤沉陷湿地公园绿色绅士化表征及机制研究
绿色绅士化,采煤沉陷湿地公园,潘安湖湿地公园,九里湖湿地公园
终稿
【摘要】随着全球城市更新运动的开展，棕地、闲置地转向城市绿色基础设施的过程中伴生的绿色绅士化现象成为学术和现实关注的热点之一。采煤沉陷湿地公园由于新增绿地规模大、影响范围广等特征，成为绿色绅士化现象极易发生的区域。文章根据“城、湖”建设时段选择“先湖后城”徐州市潘安湖采煤沉陷湿地公园及“先城后湖”的九里湖采煤沉陷湿地公园为例，从湖区建成前后土地利用、人口结构、邻里关系三个方面作为绿色绅士化的表征指标，揭示不同类型湖区绅士化过程与形成机制。具体以2007年、2013年、2018年、2023年为时间节点，分析湖区周边2km内土地利用演变过程及特征，同时采用问卷调查及深度访谈的方法，分析该范围内人口结构及邻里关系的变化特征。结果表明：①绿色绅士化是城市规划与发展的必然现象。两个采煤沉陷湿地公园通过生态环境改善和基础设施完善，吸引开发商投资建设房地产，存在不同程度的绿色绅士化现象，九里湖“先城后湖”的发展模式受限于已有城市空间结构，其绅士化过程较潘安湖更加缓慢，两个湖区绿色绅士化正向效应整体大于负向效应。②由于“先湖后城”发展模式中湿地周边存在预留建设空间，潘安湖周边的土地利用变化程度较九里湖更加明显，居住用地从2007年的183hm2增加到2023年的223hm2，公共管理与公共服务用地从2007年的15 hm2增加到2023年的105 hm2。③两个湖区建设前后并没有导致大规模人口置换，而由于新房地产开发吸引了新迁入居民。在中国土地制度的保障下，原失地农民得到集中安置；而潘安湖周边新迁入居民以教育水平较高、收入水平较高、具有提升住区品质需求的中老年人为主；九里湖周边新迁入居民则以刚性住房需求的中青年人为主。④由于沉陷区村庄整体搬迁，两个湖区的建设均未造成严重的原住民社会关系瓦解。相反环境改善对原住民邻里关系改善、身心健康及提供就业产生了积极影响。⑤采煤沉陷区绿色绅士化进程由政府、开发商和绅士群体三方共同推动。政府、开发商分别出于城市治理、土地租金与经济利益的目的，构成了满足政治及经济需求的绿色增长联盟，形成政府主导的绿色绅士化运作机制。
【关键词】：绿色绅士化；采煤沉陷湿地公园；潘安湖湿地公园；九里湖湿地公园
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【Abstract】With the global urban renewal movement, the phenomenon of green gentrification accompanying the transition of brownfield and idle land to urban green infrastructure has become a hot topic of academic and practical attention. Due to the large scale and wide impact of newly added green spaces, coal mining subsidence wetland parks have become areas where green gentrification is highly likely to occur. Based on the construction period of "city and lake", the article takes the Pan'an Lake Coal Mining Subsidence Wetland Park in Xuzhou City as the example of the development model of "lake before city" and the Jiulihu Coal Mining Subsidence Wetland Park in Xuzhou City as examples of the development model of "city before lake". And the article uses land use before and after the completion, population structure, and neighborhood relationships as characterization indicators of green gentrification, revealing the process and formation mechanism of green gentrification in different types of lake areas. Specifically, taking 2007, 2013, 2018, and 2023 as time nodes, analyze the process and characteristics of land use evolution within 2km around the lake area. At the same time, use questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews to analyze the changes in population structure and neighborhood relationships within this range.
The results indicate that green gentrification is an inevitable phenomenon in urban planning and development. Two coal mining subsidence wetland parks have attracted developers to invest in real estate construction through ecological environment improvement and infrastructure improvement, resulting in varying degrees of green gentrification. The "city before lake" development model of Jiulihu wetland park is limited by the existing urban spatial structure, and its gentrification process is slower than that of Pan'an Lake. The overall positive effect of green gentrification in the two lake areas is greater than the negative effect Due to the reserved construction space around wetlands in the "lake first, city later" development model, the degree of land use change around Pan'an Lake is more significant than that of Jiuli Lake.
②Due to the reserved construction space around wetlands in the "lake before city " development model, the degree of land use change around Pan'an Lake is more significant than that of Jiuli Lake. Residential land has increased from 183 hectares in 2007 to 223 hectares in 2023, and public management and service land has increased from 15 hectares in 2007 to 105 hectares in 2023.③The construction of the two lake areas did not lead to large-scale population displacement before and after, but the development of new real estate attracted new immigrants. Under the guarantee of China's land system, farmers who lost their land are resettled in a centralized manner; The newly relocated residents around Pan'an Lake are mainly middle-aged and elderly people with higher education levels, higher income levels, and a need to improve the quality of their residential areas; The newly relocated residents around Jiuli Lake are mainly middle-aged and young people with rigid housing needs.④ Due to the overall relocation of villages in the subsidence area, the construction of both wetland parks did not cause serious disintegration of indigenous social relations. On the contrary, environmental improvement has had a positive impact on improving neighborhood relationships, physical and mental health, and providing employment for Indigenous peoples.⑤ The process of green gentrification in coal mining subsidence areas is jointly promoted by the government, developers, and gentlemanly groups. The government and developers have formed a green growth alliance to meet political and economic needs, respectively, for the purpose of urban governance, land rent, and economic benefits, forming a government led green gentrification operation mechanism.
【Keywords】Green gentrification; Coal mining subsidence wetland park; Pan'an Lake Wetland Park; Jiulihu Wetland Park
【关键词】：绿色绅士化；采煤沉陷湿地公园；潘安湖湿地公园；九里湖湿地公园
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【Abstract】With the global urban renewal movement, the phenomenon of green gentrification accompanying the transition of brownfield and idle land to urban green infrastructure has become a hot topic of academic and practical attention. Due to the large scale and wide impact of newly added green spaces, coal mining subsidence wetland parks have become areas where green gentrification is highly likely to occur. Based on the construction period of "city and lake", the article takes the Pan'an Lake Coal Mining Subsidence Wetland Park in Xuzhou City as the example of the development model of "lake before city" and the Jiulihu Coal Mining Subsidence Wetland Park in Xuzhou City as examples of the development model of "city before lake". And the article uses land use before and after the completion, population structure, and neighborhood relationships as characterization indicators of green gentrification, revealing the process and formation mechanism of green gentrification in different types of lake areas. Specifically, taking 2007, 2013, 2018, and 2023 as time nodes, analyze the process and characteristics of land use evolution within 2km around the lake area. At the same time, use questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews to analyze the changes in population structure and neighborhood relationships within this range.
The results indicate that green gentrification is an inevitable phenomenon in urban planning and development. Two coal mining subsidence wetland parks have attracted developers to invest in real estate construction through ecological environment improvement and infrastructure improvement, resulting in varying degrees of green gentrification. The "city before lake" development model of Jiulihu wetland park is limited by the existing urban spatial structure, and its gentrification process is slower than that of Pan'an Lake. The overall positive effect of green gentrification in the two lake areas is greater than the negative effect Due to the reserved construction space around wetlands in the "lake first, city later" development model, the degree of land use change around Pan'an Lake is more significant than that of Jiuli Lake.
②Due to the reserved construction space around wetlands in the "lake before city " development model, the degree of land use change around Pan'an Lake is more significant than that of Jiuli Lake. Residential land has increased from 183 hectares in 2007 to 223 hectares in 2023, and public management and service land has increased from 15 hectares in 2007 to 105 hectares in 2023.③The construction of the two lake areas did not lead to large-scale population displacement before and after, but the development of new real estate attracted new immigrants. Under the guarantee of China's land system, farmers who lost their land are resettled in a centralized manner; The newly relocated residents around Pan'an Lake are mainly middle-aged and elderly people with higher education levels, higher income levels, and a need to improve the quality of their residential areas; The newly relocated residents around Jiuli Lake are mainly middle-aged and young people with rigid housing needs.④ Due to the overall relocation of villages in the subsidence area, the construction of both wetland parks did not cause serious disintegration of indigenous social relations. On the contrary, environmental improvement has had a positive impact on improving neighborhood relationships, physical and mental health, and providing employment for Indigenous peoples.⑤ The process of green gentrification in coal mining subsidence areas is jointly promoted by the government, developers, and gentlemanly groups. The government and developers have formed a green growth alliance to meet political and economic needs, respectively, for the purpose of urban governance, land rent, and economic benefits, forming a government led green gentrification operation mechanism.
【Keywords】Green gentrification; Coal mining subsidence wetland park; Pan'an Lake Wetland Park; Jiulihu Wetland Park
重要日期
-
会议日期
05月29日
2024
至06月01日
2024
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05月08日 2024
初稿截稿日期
主办单位
中国矿业大学
历届会议
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2022年05月26日 中国 徐州市
第九届能源、资源、环境与可持续发展国际会议 -
2019年05月31日 中国 Xuzhou
能源、资源、环境与可持续发展国际会议
