The GAMBIT tool is used to establish the experimental pipe model of atomization and dust fall using the combination of Euler method method and Lagrange method, and the SIMPLE algorithm is used to solve the model numerically. The FLUENT software is used to conduct the numerical simulation of ultrasonic atomization and spray dust fall for the established mathematical model. The results show that the control range of the droplet field formed by ultrasonic atomization, the relative velocity of the droplets in the droplet field, and the number of droplets in the droplet field are greater than those formed by spray atomization. The ultrasonic atomization effect is better than that of spray atomization, and the dust reduction effect is good.