322 / 2023-10-14 20:26:44

Analysis of the impact of open-pit mining and restoration on land use changes in Shendong coal base since the "13th Five-Year Plan"

surface mining; coal base; land use change; vegetation destruction; vegetation restoration

In order to reveal the impacts of various open-pit mines and restoration activities on land use changes at the scale of coal bases since “the 13th Five-Year Plan”, and to explore the extent of the impacts of different human activities on vegetation changes in coal bases. The study area is Shendong coal base. Land use data from 2016 to 2022 were used to quantify the impacts of mining activities on land use changes in Shendong coal base in terms of land use structural changes, velocity changes, and spatial changes, and to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of vegetation destruction and restoration through spatial autocorrelation. The results are as follows: ①Since “the 13th Five-Year Plan”, the open-pit mining in Shendong coal base has further expanded, and the land use changes in the open-pit mining rights, which are mainly mining activities, have been more drastic than those in Shendong coal base. Particularly, the vegetation change is more significant. The amount of vegetation change in Shendong coal base and open-pit mining rights accounted for 59.90% and 68.57% of the total area change, respectively. ②There is variability in the impacts of mining and rehabilitation activities on structural, spatial, and velocity changes of each land use type. Land use changes within open-pit mining rights are less stable structurally, more aggregated spatially, and more rapid in velocity of change compared to Shendong coal base. ③The area of vegetation restoration in Shendong coal base accounts for about 44.16% of the area of vegetation destruction, with mining and restoration contributing the least to the area of vegetation destruction and restoration, at 10.68% and 8.03%, respectively. But the extent of the impact of vegetation destruction was greater than that caused by other anthropogenic factors. ④The area of vegetation destruction and restoration shows a spatial clustering phenomenon, and the area of vegetation destruction patches caused by mining is large and concentrated. The results can provide a scientific basis for the protection and planning of land resources in mining areas.