With the large-scale exploitation of offshore wind farms, the lightning disasters，especially the blade damage of wind turbine and the high-frequency secondary electromagnetic effects, have been a key factor of the safe and reliable operation of wind power generation.
Our research work focused on the physical process of lightning stroke evolution of offshore wind power. We proposed the concept of dynamic stroke distance of wind turbine blades,  based on which, the layout method of wind farms was presented. The damage mechanism of blades caused by hot-magnetic-gas coupling effect was analyzed by molecular reaction dynamics. The integrative transient equivalent circuit model of wind turbine generators was established, and the spatial distribution of transient electro-magnetic fields were obtained. Further, we present a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for lightning protection design based on the reliability index.

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