Abstract: In the context of climate change and low-carbon green development, the transportation industry has gradually attracted attention because of its large carbon emissions in the industry. Due to the different development stages and economic characteristics, the countries along the One Belt and One Road have significant differences in their ability and driving factors to withstand carbon emission pressures. In order to reflect the trend and characteristics of transportation energy consumption carbon emissions as well as its influence on ecological system pressure, this paper calculates the Ecological Pressure of Transportation Energy Carbon Footprint(EPcft) along the One Belt and One Road in 1995-2016，on the basis of according to the level of economic development and the Ecological Pressure state is divided into five regions, we used the LMDI method to extract the driving forces of EPcft and evaluated the contribution of these factors to the overall region and five regions. The resultsshowed that EPcft increased year by year, but the growth rate has slowed down. Meanwhile, petroleum accounts for a very large proportion, averaging 88.45%. In the whole region, the economic development effect, the transport structure effect and the Population intensity of productive land effect play a role in promoting the EPcft, among which the economic development effect plays the biggest role in promoting the EPcft, with the annual contribution rate as high as 121.73%. In the countries with higher economic development level, the energy intensity effect of transportation plays a major inhibiting role, while in the countries with lower economic development level, the energy structure effect of transportation plays a major inhibiting role. By changing the traditional concept of economic development and further optimizing the transport energy structure, the EPcft be reduced.

CICTP