Dockless bikeshare has become very popular in urban China and has sparked something of biking renaissance. However, dockless bikeshare companies, in an attempt to gain market share have flooded cities with millions of bikes. Within this context, many unused, broken, and abandoned bikes are messily placed on streets and block pathways and compress public spaces. While some these issues are doubtless policy questions at least some negative externalities could be avoided by match supply with demand and avoiding oversupply. To that end, this study investigates factors related to bike usage and catchment areas at metro station areas using generalized linear mixed models. The fixed effects considered are factors of land use, roadway design, socio-demographics, and time-varying. Key findings are: 1) the percentages of industrial land, public land, residential land, parks, as well as mixed land use, suggest positive relationships with bike usage and negative relationships with catchment areas; 2) the presence of a college or a shopping center is positively associated with bike usage and catchment areas; 3) at transfer stations, bike usage is greater and catchment areas are smaller; 4) bike utilization rate is greater at transfer stations where more bikes are supplied. To control the supply of bikes, local authorities should calculate the bike demand with estimated coefficients, which is temporally and spatially differentiated. In addition, joint docking and dockless bikeshare system is proposed where docked systems are used in high-density and low-density areas. Dockless bikeshare are most appropriate for middle-density areas.

CICTP