In recent years, with the improvement of residents' living standards, the market demand for fresh agricultural products has been increasing, and the requirements for the quality of fresh agricultural products are also constantly increasing. This has made cold chain logistics more people's attention. As an important part of the cold chain logistics process, distribution takes up 80% of the whole process and has important research significance. The high logistics cost is one of the key factors that restrict the development of cold chain logistics. In order to reduce the cost of the cold chain logistics distribution process of fresh produce, this paper mainly studies from the perspective of distribution path optimization. Minimizing the total cost of cold chain logistics and distribution of fresh produce is mainly to consider the fixed cost, transportation cost, cargo damage cost, refrigeration cost, carbon emission cost and penalty cost of the vehicle. Under the constraints of time and quality satisfaction, construct the above optimization model with the lowest comprehensive cost. The single-parent genetic algorithm based on elite selection strategy and ant colony algorithm are used to solve the model and find the optimal distribution plan. The optimal distribution plan can not only reduce the total cost of the cold chain logistics distribution process, but also effectively reduce the carbon emissions in the distribution process, so that the development of the enterprise is in line with the current development theme of “low carbon economy, green logistics”.

CICTP