With the rapid development of rail transit, ship electrification, multi-electric/all-electric aircraft, robots, new energy vehicles, and drones, electric machines play a more and more important role nowadays. Flux-modulated machines (FMMs) have been gaining more and more research attention thanks to their extremely super-high torque density. The most remarkable feature of FMMs is that the number of the stator pole pairs and the rotor pole pairs are not equal. With the permeance modulation effect of the iron poles, the mechanical speed of the machine is reduced, and the output torque is increased. The majority of the existing FMMs adopt the traditional pure sinusoidal current. In this presentation, the recent academic research on novel DC-biased current PM and reluctance FMMs is presented. Topology evolution and comparison, operation principle, slot/pole combination relationship, electromagnetic performance, and experimental validation are described.

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