150 / 2019-12-12 13:56:41

The application status and Enlightenment of spatial analysis in health resource allocation

health resources; allocation; spatial analysis; application

A. 地理空间信息与空间流行病学相关主题 > Track A - 默认专题

【Abstract】Public health information data often has characteristics with complex relations of time and space. The allocation of health resources is affected by many factors such as society, economy, population, natural environment, etc. And the rationality of resource allocation should consider the time, space, population distribution. Consideration of the factors above and the occurrence and epidemic characteristics of diseases, how to optimize health resources and improve the allocation of health resources is the key points and crucial issues. Spatial analysis provides an important basic technology platform for the optimal allocation of health resources, which is conducive to the visualization of health resources, disease characteristics and population distribution, the systematic and dynamic management of health resources allocation, and the improvement of resource allocation efficiency and equity.
At present, spatial analysis methods used in health resource analysis mainly include spatial description analysis, spatial global autocorrelation, spatial local autocorrelation, spatial clustering analysis, hot spot analysis, buffer analysis, overlay analysis, ecological analysis and other methods. Space technology represented by geographic information system (GIS) has been gradually applied to health research. Spatial analysis in the field of public health mainly focuses on the spatial distribution of diseases, disease mapping, the relationship between diseases and the environment and the research of health resources. In the early 1990s, although GIS was applied to health resources allocation and service demand management in foreign countries, the related research in China started relatively late. Combined with the characteristics of diseases and people, systematic and integrated research on spatial epidemiology is rare, furthermore, there is a lack of basic data for the research of resource allocation in related fields in the western region.
With the application and development of spatial analysis technology, spatial analysis will improve the ability of health resource monitoring, health resource spatial distribution and prediction, health resource planning, disease prevention and control and emergency management, and provide more scientific and technical support for health management decision-making and health resource allocation optimization.