584 / 2018-11-12 09:15:34

Effects of Temperature on the Mixed Storage Fermentation Quality of Dry Maize Straw and Cabbage Waste and Microbial Analysis

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The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of storage temperature on the mixed silage quality of dry maize straw and cabbage waste based on the ensiling theory. According to the climate conditions in Northwest of China, three temperature treatments of -3 ℃, 18 ℃ and 34 ℃ were applied, which were stored and ensiled for 120 d in succession, the chemical composition and fermentation quality were analyzed at 30 d, 60 d, 90 d and 120 d, respectively. The high-throughput sequencing technology of Illumina Miseq was used to analyze the dynamic changes of bacterial community diversity during storage. The results showed that the Flieg scores in three treatments were good or very good grades, and the content of butyric acid was less than the recommended theoretical (0.1%DM), indicating that three treatments achieved well-preserved fermentation quality. In detail, the mixed silages at -3 ℃ had a higher level of water soluble carbohydrate and ammonia nitrogen-to-total nitrogen ratio in comparison with 18 ℃ and 34℃. The dry matter and lactic acid content at 34 ℃ was higher compared to -3 ℃ and 18 ℃, but the biodegradable potential was lower. The lactic acid-to-acetic acid ratio and lactic acid-to-total organic acid ratio at 18 ℃ were higher than that at -3 ℃ and 34 ℃. The results of bacterial community diversity showed that the dominant bacteria in phylum level of three treatments were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. The dominant bacteria in genus level consisted of Enterobacteriaceae, Lactobacillus, Carnobacterium and Leuconostoc in the vast majority of cases. When the ensiling period prolonged to 120 d, undesired Enterobacteriaceae disappeared completely at 18 ℃ and 34℃. Moreover, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Carnobacterium at 18 ℃ was higher compared to -3 ℃ and 34 ℃. In conclusion, mixed storage at 18 ℃ was more conducive to improving the silage quality of dry maize straw and cabbage waste.